Structure:
1. intro to psychoanalysis as a feminist weapon.
2. radical cinema, emerging from classic Hollywood cinema.
3. explanation of scopophilia and how it relates to cinema.
4. explanation of narcissistic pleasure and how it relates to cinema.
5. summary of cinema and discussion of castration.
6. the roles that men and women play in cinema and spectatorship - active/male, passive/female.
7. a - role of women (on screen), b - role of man (on screen and spectator).
8. structures of the gaze and its relation to castration threat.
9. 2x case studies.
10. summary and conclusion.
Dyer, R. (1979) Stars.
The text describes male gaze as a theory when investigating advertising, social media (for instance, instagram), as well as other sources. This text in particular argues against Mulvey's explanations of male gaze theory, rejecting any form of erotic potential. This can be seen through the quote 'Richard Dyer explores a similar disavouwel of the look by highlighting how male pin-ups never appear in the image to be looking in ways which suggest they are not an erotic object. This can involve looking as if disinterested in the viewer, glancing upwards to appear lost in a high spiritual form of thinking, or staring to confront the fact of being looked at'.
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